Conjunctivitis in Cats: Causes and Care

In this guide

Conjunctivitis, inflammation of the pink tissue lining the eyelids and covering part of the eye, is the single most common eye problem vets see in cats. It looks uncomfortable, and it is, but the good news is that most cases respond well once the underlying cause is identified.

What it looks like

• Redness and swelling of the tissue around the eye
• Watery, clear discharge, or thicker yellow or green discharge if a bacterial infection is involved
• Squinting or excessive blinking
• Pawing at the eye or rubbing the face against furniture or the floor
• One eye affected, or both, depending on the cause

Common causes

Viral infections, particularly feline herpesvirus, are the leading cause of conjunctivitis in cats, often appearing alongside sneezing and nasal discharge as part of a broader upper respiratory infection. Bacteria such as Chlamydophila and Mycoplasma can cause it directly or complicate an existing viral infection. Allergies, irritants such as dust or smoke, and, less commonly, an underlying condition like FIV that weakens the immune system can all contribute as well.

Why it should not be left untreated

Cats are good at masking discomfort, so even a cat behaving relatively normally may be in real pain. Left unaddressed, conjunctivitis can occasionally progress to more serious complications such as a corneal ulcer, so a vet visit rather than a wait and see approach is the safer route, particularly if symptoms do not start improving within a day or two.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause. Bacterial conjunctivitis usually responds well to antibiotic eye drops or ointment, while viral cases are managed with supportive care and sometimes antiviral medication in more severe or recurrent cases. If allergies are suspected, your vet may explore what your cat is reacting to and suggest ways to reduce exposure. Most cases clear up within one to two weeks with appropriate treatment, though cats that are lifelong herpesvirus carriers may see occasional flare ups return during stressful periods. Never use human eye drops on a cat, including ones for redness or allergies, since several common ingredients are not safe for feline eyes and a proper diagnosis is needed before any drop is chosen.

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