Beyond Panting: Recognising Heat Exhaustion Before It Becomes Heatstroke

In this guide

Heat exhaustion is the stage before heatstroke, and catching it early can be the difference between a scare and an emergency. Given how hot Indian summers run, from Delhi's dry heat to Chennai's humidity, every dog owner in the country should know these signs by heart.

Early signs of heat exhaustion

• Heavy panting that does not ease with rest
• Excessive drooling
• Bright red gums and tongue
• Restlessness or seeking out shade and cool floors
• Reduced energy and reluctance to keep walking

When it tips into heatstroke

• Body temperature above 39.4 degrees Celsius
• Vomiting or diarrhoea
• Wobbly, uncoordinated movement
• Collapse or seizures
• Gums turning pale, blue, or brick red
• Loss of consciousness

First response

Move the dog to shade or an air conditioned room immediately. Offer small amounts of cool water, never forced. Wet the coat with cool (not ice cold) water, particularly at the belly, groin, and paw pads, and increase airflow with a fan. Ice cold water can constrict blood vessels near the skin and actually slow heat loss, so cool rather than freezing water works better.

Heatstroke, marked by collapse, seizures, vomiting or a very high temperature, is a genuine emergency. Begin cooling immediately but head to a vet without delay, since heatstroke can cause organ damage within a short window.

Who is most vulnerable in India

• Brachycephalic breeds like Pugs and Bulldogs, who cannot pant efficiently
• Thick coated breeds not built for Indian summers, such as Huskies or Saint Bernards
• Senior dogs, puppies, and overweight dogs
• Any dog exercised during the 11 am to 4 pm window in summer

Common Questions

Q: What temperature counts as dangerous for a dog? A: A body temperature above roughly 39.4 degrees Celsius is a concern, and above 41 degrees Celsius is a genuine emergency requiring immediate cooling and veterinary care.

Q: Can heat exhaustion happen even in the shade? A: Yes, particularly for brachycephalic breeds or in high humidity, since panting becomes less effective at cooling the body once the surrounding air itself is heavy and humid.

Article content © Ravi Teja. All rights reserved.